Hypernovae, Black-hole-forming Supernovae, and First Stars

Recent studies of core-collapse supernovae have revealed the existence of two distinct classes of massive supernovae (SNe): 1) very energetic SNe (Hypernovae), whose kinetic energy (KE) exceeds 10 erg, about 10 times the KE of normal core-collapse SNe, and 2) very faint and low energy SNe (E ∼ < 0.5 × 10 erg; Faint supernovae). These two classes of supernovae are likely to be ”black-hole-forming” supernovae with rotating or non-rotating black holes. We compare their nucleosynthesis yields with the abundances of extremely metalpoor (EMP) stars to identify the Pop III (or first) supernovae. We show that the EMP stars, especially the C-rich type, are likely to be enriched by blackhole-forming supernovae.